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The Ostbelgien Model: a permanent citizens' council (Belgium)

Most citizens’ assemblies are one-off events. In 2019, the German-speaking Community of Belgium — “Ostbelgien,” a region of about 77,000 people — did something more durable: it created the world’s first permanent citizens’ body chosen by lot, wired directly into its parliament.

Process typePermanent sortition body: a standing Citizens’ Council + ad-hoc Citizens’ Assemblies
WhenEstablished 25 February 2019; ongoing
WhereOstbelgien (German-speaking Community of Belgium), ~77,000 people
Convened byThe Parliament of the German-speaking Community (a unanimous, all-party vote)
ParticipantsA Citizens’ Council (Bürgerrat) of ~24 members drawn by lot; larger Citizens’ Assemblies it convenes
PowersSets the agenda; convenes assemblies; recommendations go to parliament, which must respond
CostReported at roughly €32,000 (Council) plus ~€23,000 per Assembly

In February 2019 the regional parliament voted, unanimously, to institutionalise citizen deliberation. The design links two bodies: a standing Citizens’ Council (Bürgerrat) of around 24 people, drawn by lot for staggered terms, which decides which topics deserve attention; and the Citizens’ Assemblies (Bürgerversammlungen) it convenes to deliberate a given topic in depth and make recommendations.

In: issues surfaced by citizens, the Council, parliament, or the public.

Out: recommendations from each Citizens’ Assembly to the regional parliament — which is obliged to take them up and respond publicly, in a documented follow-up process.

The “Ostbelgien Model” became an international reference point: the first time sortition-based deliberation was made a permanent fixture of a parliamentary system rather than a special event. Several years on it continues to operate, and it has informed similar experiments elsewhere (including in Paris and Brussels).

Its significance is structural: it answers the most common objection to citizens’ assemblies — that they’re temporary and easily ignored — by giving citizens a standing seat in agenda-setting with a guaranteed institutional response. Its powers remain modest (it advises; it doesn’t legislate) and its scale is tiny, but as a model it showed that permanent, institutionalised citizen power is workable. It’s the concrete example Hélène Landemore points to for testing open democracy at the local level.